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Frog Nervous System Short Notes | Free Biology Notes

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In this article we will discuss about the frog nervous system

Frog Nervous System

  • The set of organs which control and coordinate all the activities of the body is called the nervous system
  • The frog nervous system composed of CNS, PNS and ANS

Central nervous system

  • CNS is made up of brain & spinal cord
  • CNS controls most functions of the body

Brain

  • The brain is protected in the brain case or cranium
  • It is surrounded by two meninges
  • Inner cavities of brain are filled with cerebrospinal fluid
  • Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear, watery and lymphatic fluid. It protects and nourishes the brain
  • Brain has three parts which are called fore brain, mid brain and hind brain

Fore Brain

  • The most anterior region comprises the olfactory lobes
  • Olfactory lobes are concerned with sense of smell
  • Immediately behind the olfactory lobes, there are two large outgrowths called the cerebral hemispheres
  • Hemispheres are place of memory, intelligence, consciousness

Midbrain

  • Posterior to the cerebral hemispheres are called optic lobes
  • The part between the optic lobes and hemispheres is known as the diencephalon
  • This part is associated with the eyes and vision.

Hind Brain

  • The last part of the brain consists of the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata.
  • This part controls and coordinates body movements and maintains balance of the body
  • The medulla oblongata also controls respiration. circulation and digestion

Spinal Cord

  • The spinal cord starts from the posterior end of the medulla oblongata like a thick thread
  • Spinal cord are not solid, which is filled with a fluid
  • The spinal cord controls the movement of the trunk area and many other functions independently

Peripheral nervous system

  • Peripheral nervous system consists of nerves, which connect the central nervous system with various parts of the body
  • They are of two types:
    1. Cranial nervous: nerves originating from brain are called cranial nerves. In frog. There are ten pairs of cranial nerves.
    2. Spinal nerves: nerves originating from spinal cord are called spinal nerves. There are nine or ten pairs of spinal nerves.
  • Nerves are of following types:
    • Sensory nerves: these nerves take messages from sensory organs to central nervous system.
    • Motor nerves: these nerves take messages from central nervous system to glands and muscles.
    • Mixed nerves: they carry out both the above mentioned functions.

Autonomous nervous system

  • This controls the autonomous parts (automatic) of the body
  • This system control the autonomic parts of the body like heart, lungs & intestine
  • Two type of nerves are present in it.
  • Sympathetic nerve : it increase the rate of autonomous organs.
  • Parasympathetic nerve : it decrease the rate of autonomous organs.

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