Internal Structure of Monocot Stem Notes | Free Biology Notes

This article we will discuss about Internal Structure of Monocot Stem

The transverse section of a monocot stem reveals the following structures

Epidermis

• Epidermis is a outermost layer and made up of parenchymatous cells
• Cuticle is a protective layer, covers this layer
• Trichomes or hairs are lacking
• Epidermis has following functions
  • Minimize the rate of transpiration
  • Protects from mechanical injury
  • Prevents the entry of harmful organisms
  • Helps in the exchange of gases through stomata

Hypodermis

• This layer present just below the epidermis and multi-layered of sclerenchyma cells
• Hypodermis has following functions: helps in mechanical support

Cortex

• Its present below the hypodermis and made up of rounded cells of parenchyma cells
• There is no differentiation of general cortex, endodermis, pericycle, pith, and rays
• In some grasses, wheat etc. the central portion of ground tissue becomes hollow is called pith cavity
• Ground tissue has following functions: Storage of food

Vascular bundles

• Vascular bundles are irregularly scattered in the ground tissues is called atactostele
• These are conjoint, collateral, and closed vascular bundle
• Vascular bundles in the peripheral region are smaller in size and compactly arranged
• Vascular bundles in the central region are larger in size and widely placed
• Vascular bundles oval in shape and surrounded by a sheath of sclerenchymatous tissue is called bundle sheath
• Vascular bundle consists of xylem and phloem
• Ground tissue has following functions: conduction of water and food materials

Internal Structure of Dicot Stem Notes | Free Biology Notes