Interrelationship of Phycobionts and Mycobionts (With Simple Diagram)

In this article we will discuss about interrelationship of phycobionts and mycobionts:- mutualism, consortium, balanced parasitism and helotism

Interrelationship of Phycobionts and Mycobionts

• The Interrelationship of phycobionts and mycobionts in the lichen association is widely debated and is still not understood clearly.
• Various theories used for explain the Interrelationship of phycobionts and mycobionts in lichens. It include mutualism, consortium, balanced parasitism and helotism.

Theories for Explain Interrelationship of Phycobionts and Mycobionts

1. Mutualism

• It is the most widely accepted theory.
• According to this theory, Interrelationship between phycobionts and mycobionts partners of a lichen is a form of symbiosis known as mutualism.
• In mutualism, all partners benefit from one another.
• Phycobionts (algae) provide carbohydrates and vitamins to the fungal partner
• Mycobionts (fungi) absorb, store and supply water and minerals to the algae.

2. Consortium Theory

• The stable and interdependent association between the fungal and algal partners is called consortium.
• In this theory, the two or more organisms function as a unified entity, each are essential for their survival.
• The phycobionts mainly perform photosynthesis and producing food for the fungi
• The mycobionts create a protective environment for the phycobionts, shielding them from desiccation, temperature extremes and harmful radiation.

3. Balanced Parasitism

• The fungal partner produces haustoria that penetrate the mycobionts partner cells.
• The algal cells remain unharmed and showing no significant damage.
• According to this theory, the mycobiont (fungus) may gain more benefits from the association than the phycobiont (algae).

4. Helotism Theory

• Helotism suggests a master and slave relationship.
• According to helotism theory, the fungus acts as the dominant organism and the alga living like a slave.
• The fungus is controlling and exploiting the algae.
• The alga may be significantly restricted in its growth and development due to the fungal partner’s control.