Enzyme Inhibitors and Types Short Notes

Enzyme Inhibitors and Types Short Notes

In this article we will discuss about Enzyme Inhibitors and types:- What is enzyme inhibitors? Competitive inhibitors, Noncompetitive inhibitors and allosteric inhibitors

What is enzyme inhibitors?

• Enzyme Inhibitors reduce the rate of an enzyme on the substrate
• This effect may be permanent or temporary
• Types of Enzyme Inhibition
  1. Competitive Inhibition
  2. Noncompetitive Inhibition
  3. Allosteric Inhibition

I) Competitive Inhibition

• Inhibitor bind to active site of enzyme and block binding of the substrate
• Inhibitors have a similar shape to the substrate molecule
• Competitive Inhibition is usually temporary
• Level of inhibition depends on the relative concentrations of substrate

II) Noncompetitive Inhibition

• Inhibitor doesn’t block the substrate from binding to the active site
• Inhibitor binding to a site other than the active site
• Binding of the inhibitor causes a conformational change to the enzyme’s active site
• As a result of this change, the active site and substrate no longer share specificity, meaning the substrate cannot bind
• As the inhibitor is not in direct competition with the substrate, increasing substrate levels cannot mitigate the inhibitor’s effect

III) Allosteric Inhibition

• Alosteric means other site
• These enzymes have two receptor sites
• One site fits the substrate like other enzymes
• The other site fits an inhibitor
• Accumulation of the final product of the reaction is capable of inhibiting the step of reaction

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